Why people die from heart attacks in every seconds ?
Introduction
A heart attack, is also called MYOCARDIAL INFRACTION.
A heart attack is a life -threatening medical emergency that requires immediate treatment .
Heart attack occurs when the flow of blood prevent certain part of the heart muscles ,often by a blood clot heart can’t get a enough oxygen .if the blood flow is not restored quickly ,the heart muscle will begin to die.
Most heart attacks are caused by coronary artery disease
What is coronary artery disease?
The narrowing or blockage of your coronary arteries, which provide your heart with oxygen-rich blood, is known as coronary artery disease (CAD). This occurs as a result of plaque, which includes cholesterol, building up in these arteries over time, which reduces the amount of blood that can get to your heart muscle.
cause of the heart attack
High blood pressure: May cause artery damage and facilitate the formation of plaque.
High cholesterol: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in particular, which can cause plaque to form.
Smoking: Leads to atherosclerosis and damages blood vessels.
Diabetes: Because high blood sugar damages blood arteries, it raises the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD).
Obesity: associated with diabetes, elevated blood pressure, and high cholesterol.
Sedentary Lifestyle: Many of the risk factors mentioned above can be increased by a lack of physical activity.
what are the warning sign and symptoms of heart attack?
is all chest pain a heart attack?
No,But you should consult a doctor straight away if you experience any discomfort or pain in your chest. Angina is a popular name for this type of chest pain. It’s a brief, recurrent pain that normally passes quickly.
Angina is a warning sign for a possible heart attack and happens when your heart muscle isn’t getting enough oxygen and blood flow.
Angina attacks don’t permanently harm the heart muscles, which is how they differ from heart attacks.
what to do if you see someone who might be having a heart attack?
In case you suspect someone unconscious is suffering a heart attack, don’t hesitate to contact 911 or your local emergency number. Next, see if there is a pulse and that the person is breathing. Only if the person who was assaulted is not breathing or you are unable to locate a pulse should you start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
- Perform hands-only CPR if you lack sufficient training. This refers to applying force and speed on the patient’s chest, averaging between 100 and 120 compressions per minute.
- If you have received CPR training and feel capable, begin by performing 30 chest compressions before giving two rescue breaths.
- why heart attack often happens mostly in early morning
why heart attack often happens mostly in early morning ?
There are various reasons why heart attacks are more likely in the morning.
Hormonal Changes: Rising cortisol levels in the morning might raise heart rate and blood pressure. This may increase cardiac stress.
Blood viscosity: Because of the nighttime dehydration, blood tends to be thicker in the morning, which raises the possibility of clot formation.
Increased Activity: A lot of individuals work out in the morning, which increases the risk of a heart attack, particularly in those with medical conditions.
Sleep Patterns: Insufficient sleep or sleep apnea can cause heart problems and increase the risk of early-morning heart attacks.
Complications of heart attack
Heart Failure
Arrhythmias
Cardiogenic Shock
Heart Valve Problems
Depression and Anxiety
Pericarditis
How to diagnosed heart attack
ECG stands for electrocardiogram:-As electrical signals pass through the heart, they are recorded in this basic test for heart attack diagnosis. Electrodes are sticky patches that are sometimes placed to the arms and legs. Waves that are recorded and shown on a screen or printed on paper are signals. You can find out if you are experiencing or have had a heart attack by getting an electrocardiogram (ECG).
Blood examinations; During cardiac damage despite a heart attack, some heart proteins rapidly flow into the circulation. To look for these proteins (cardiac markers), blood tests can be performed.
chest radiography; An X-ray of the chest shows the size and health of the heart and lung.
Echocardiography:- Ultrasound, or sound waves, produce images of the beating heart. This examination can demonstrate how blood flows via the heart’s valves. If there is any damage to any part of your heart, an echocardiography can help determine it.
Angiography for the heart (angiogram; A catheter is a long, thin tube that is guided to the heart by inserting it into an artery, generally in the leg. A dye is injected through the catheter to improve the separation between the arteries and surrounding tissue on test images.
Cardiac computed tomography (CT) or Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI):- These tests create images of the heart and chest. Cardiac CT scans use X-rays. Cardiac MRI uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create images of your heart. For both tests, you usually lie on a table that slides inside a long tubelike machine. Each test can be used to diagnose heart problems. They can help show the severity of heart damage.
prevention of heart attack
Preventing a heart attack involves adopting a healthy lifestyle and managing risk factors. Here are some key strategies:
- Healthy Diet:
- Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.
- Limit saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, and sodium.
- Regular Exercise:
- Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity each week.
- Incorporate strength training exercises at least twice a week.
- Maintain a Healthy Weight:
- Achieve and maintain a healthy body weight to reduce strain on the heart.
- Quit Smoking:
- If you smoke, seek help to quit. Avoid exposure to secondhand smoke as well.
- Limit Alcohol Consumption:
- If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation (up to one drink per day for women and two for men).
- Manage Stress:
- Practice stress-reduction techniques like mindfulness, yoga, or deep breathing exercises.
- Monitor Blood Pressure and Cholesterol:
- Regularly check your blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Follow your doctor’s advice for managing them.
- Control Diabetes:
- If you have diabetes, work with your healthcare provider to keep blood sugar levels in check.
- Regular Health Screenings:
- Stay up-to-date with regular check-ups and screenings to catch any potential issues early.
- Know Your Family History:
- Be aware of your family history of heart disease and discuss it with your healthcare provider to assess your risk.
Making these lifestyle changes can significantly reduce your risk of a heart attack and improve overall heart health.
Treatment of heart attack
During a cardiac attack, more heart tissue gets damaged or dies every minute. In order to increase blood flow and raise oxygen levels, immediate care is required. Oxygen is administered immediately. The kind of treatment for a heart attack varies depending upon if blood flow is completely or partially blocked.
MEDICATIONS;
Beta blockers
Aspirin
Clot busters
Nitroglycerin
(ACE) inhibitors
Statins
Surgical and other procedures ;
Coronary angioplasty and stenting
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
Cardiac rehabilitation
Cardiac rehabilitation is a personalized exercise and education program that teaches ways to improve heart health after heart surgery. It focuses on exercise, a heart-healthy diet, stress management and a gradual return to usual activities. Most hospitals offer cardiac rehabilitation starting in the hospital. The program typically continues for a few weeks or months after you return home.
People who attend cardiac rehab after a heart attack generally live longer and are less likely to have another heart attack or complications from the heart attack. If cardiac rehab is not recommended during your hospital stay, ask your provider about it.
Conclusion
A heart attack, also known as a myocardial infarction, happens when the heart muscle is damaged due to a blockage in blood flow to a particular area of the heart. The main variables affecting heart attack prevention are lifestyle decisions such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and quitting smoking. Early signs, like shortness of breath, chest pain, or discomfort in other regions, must be identified in order to get medical attention in a timely manner.
After a heart attack, immediate intervention is essential; the more quickly treatment is started, the greater chances of recovery. During a heart attack, patients usually go through rehabilitation and encouraged to make lifestyle modifications to help in their recovery and lower their chance of repeat incidents. Having an understanding of these components may greatly improve heart attack prevention and management techniques, thereby improving patient outcomes.
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